By Gary Bennett
Will we ever learn?
Epidemics, plagues and pandemics have been around since the dawn of time. But over and over, government response has fallen heartbreakingly short. Indeed, keeping its citizens safe from enemies foreign and domestic is the main reason we have government in the first place. But when it comes to disease, governments more often than not downplay the threat posed by this insidious enemy.
Don’t be fooled by the flurry of governmental activity happening now surrounding the outbreak of COVID-19. Daily announcements of more and more drastic measures to mitigate spread of this disease don’t change the fact that we are frantically trying to play catch up. It didn’t have to be this way.
Back on January 22nd President Trump was asked if he was worried about a coming pandemic based upon what was happening in China. Trump responded, “No. Not at all. We have it totally under control. It’s one person coming in from China. It’s going to be just fine.” Even if you discount his penchant for looking at everything through a political lens and his seemingly intrinsic need to sound authoritative on a topic he obviously knows little about, his carefree stance was horrifying. He held to this position for several precious weeks when we could have been preparing. That point should not be lost. Presidents must measure their words carefully and land on the side of caution, but those are behaviors this president doesn’t much care for.
No president can know everything of course, and we can’t blame them for that. That’s why we have experts in government advising the president on technical and scientific matters regularly. Except in this case we didn’t until very recently.
A week before Trump’s inauguration in January 2017, Obama’s homeland security advisor briefed his incoming counterpart on pandemic threats and how to respond to them based on the previous administration’s response to outbreaks of swine flu, Ebola, and Zika. The briefing covered limits to international travel, compromising of supply chains, tanking of the stock market, overburdening of our health care system, and all framed by the premise that a vaccine would not be ready for many months—the same situation we are in today. Falling on deaf ears, National Security Advisor John Bolton eventually shut down the National Security Council’s unit for preparing and responding to pandemics. Then, the new administration’s official in charge of spearheading responses to infectious threats quit and was not replaced. We should not forget that both actions egregiously inhibited our initial national response to COVID-19.
It is no secret—unless you are perpetually affixed to Fox News—that this administration’s response to the latest pandemic has been woefully inadequate, especially in the beginning when it would have made all the difference. But unfortunately, this administration is not alone. One only has to look at the two most virulent international pandemics in modern U.S. history. In both cases we had a chance to lead and mitigate the consequences but fell woefully short: the HIV/AIDS pandemic of 1981 and Spanish flu pandemic of 1918.
In 1981 Ronald Regan (R) was in the White House. When the HIV/AIDS epidemic hit, the Reagan administration’s first reaction was to treat it as a joke. In a new documentary short called When AIDS Was Funny, posted by Vanity Fair, audio of press conferences reveals Ronald Reagan’s press secretary, Larry Speakes, joking about the now well-known HIV/AIDS epidemic and assuring the country that Reagan was doing nothing about it, nor should he be. The administration assured America that the disease could only be slowed by ethical behavior that could not be legislated. The perpetrators of the disease – gay men – would realize this and adopt proper lifestyle changes eventually. How terribly shortsighted this policy was.
History shows this inaction was an undeniable stain on the Reagan presidency. It took deaths by celebrities like Rock Hudson, deaths of thousands of heterosexual Americans, and deaths due to transfusions from tainted blood by children like Ryan White to change Reagan’s mind and get him moving. By the time he finally addressed the crisis in earnest in 1987 – six years after its discovery – 23,000 Americans had died from the disease. To date, 35 million people have died from HIV/AIDS and its complications worldwide. How many would have been spared with more timely, thoughtful and decisive action by the U.S. president, one who did not pander to his yuck-it-up base?
In 1918 the U.S. government badly handled the Spanish flu pandemic, responding to it much as the current administration has to COVID-19. Woodrow Wilson (D) was in the middle of his second term as president. World War I was raging in Europe but prospects of an armistice were growing day by day. When the Spanish flu hit first in New York with a deadliness that few had ever seen, officials downplayed the threat. They were more concerned with keeping up morale for the war effort. That decision proved disastrous. As more deaths occurred, panic spread and people distrusted the government more and more. Americans witnessed scenes reminiscent of the European Black Death they had heard about from stories passed down from their grandparents.
Amazingly, Wilson never released a public statement on the pandemic. Surgeon General Rupert Blue said, “There is no cause for alarm if proper precautions are observed.” Another top health official dismissed it as “ordinary influenza by another name.” Of course, it was not. Spanish flu had a mortality rate of 2 percent — much higher than seasonal influenza strains, and similar to some early estimates about COVID-19. By 1942 when a vaccine was finally licensed, 675,000 Americans had died and over 50 million worldwide,
In a chilling parallel to today, if a newspaper reported the truth, the government threatened it. The Jefferson County Union in Wisconsin warned about the seriousness of Spanish flu on Sept. 27, 1918. Within days, an Army general began prosecution against the paper under a wartime sedition act, claiming it had “depressed morale.” In an ironic twist of fate, President Wilson even contracted the disease, only to eventually recover and be felled by a stroke a few months later. Historians agree that his months-long recuperation from Spanish flu hurt negotiations to end World War I.
We will get through the COVID-19 pandemic like we have all the others. People will suffer and many will die, but this is not the end of the world. Most biblical scholars can assure you of that. We can only hope that this and future administrations will finally learn the lessons that history tries to teach us over and over again: take it seriously and prepare as soon as possible. As soon as we recover from this disaster, we must insist that government prepare for the next one, which is sure to come. Politicians must listen.